[music] What's up, sunshine?
Elections that changed a nation, dinosaur footprints from 66 million years ago, and a 9-year-old whose earliest struggle became his reason to help somebody else.
10 minutes, big world, let's rise up.
Every two years around this time, political leaders in the US tell us that this is the most important election of our lifetime.
Is that sometimes hyperbole?
Sure.
But every once in a while, an election really does become monumental, literally.
Our Dana Bash takes us on a little field trip around the nation's capital to help us learn how five pivotal elections help shape the country generations later.
One of the great [music] things about being here in Washington DC is that we have statues and monuments that memorialize the elections that changed the world.
So, let's go check some out.
We all know Thomas Jefferson [music] as a founding father, as one of the main authors for the Declaration of Independence, but he also was a [music] candidate in two of the most arguably important elections in the United States of America.
They were the first contested elections.
The two candidates were Thomas Jefferson and John Adams.
In 1796, John Adams won.
In [music] 1800, Thomas Jefferson won sort of.
There was a quirk in this brand new constitution that [music] these men had written.
And Thomas Jefferson in the electoral college tied with his own running mate, Aaron Burr.
[music] So, the Constitution said the House of Representatives had to decide who was going to be president of the United States.
It was the first constitutional crisis.
It took a while, but Thomas Jefferson finally won.
I mean, how's this for consequential?
Abraham Lincoln is elected president, and it's the final match that ignites the Civil War.
He didn't do that well.
He only got 39% of the vote, and that's because no southern states supported him.
One month later, South Carolina seceded from the Union, and the Civil War effectively began.
Two years in, he signed the Emancipation Proclamation and finally freed the slaves in the United States of America.
And when he gave the Gettysburg address, he made it really clear that nothing short of democracy was at stake.
The not one, not two, not three, [music] but four elections of FDR were incredibly consequential.
He was elected first during the Great Depression, 1932.
Because of the Great Depression, huge Democratic majorities were swept in along with him and he started to [music] enact what he promised, legislation that added up to the New Deal.
Then he was elected to a second term in 1936 and he kept going.
Roosevelt decided to run again in 1940 and he won in a landslide.
It was an unprecedented third term and it meant that in 1941 when Pearl Harbor happened, he was in the White House and he [music] started to use his decade of experience, the relationship that he had with Winston Churchill and with Joseph Stalin to form the allied leadership to fight Adolf Hitler and the Nazis.
It's 1944.
The war is still raging.
Roosevelt, of course, runs for a fourth term [music] and he wins.
And one of the other major consequences from FDR's unprecedented time in the White House is the 22nd Amendment, which passed afterwards.
It says that a president cannot serve for more than two terms.
Consequential elections, they [music] don't have to be for president or really any government office.
It can just be in a small group in a church basement raising their hands and voting.
That was what happened in December of 1955 when Martin Luther King Jr.
was elected during the bus boycott to lead the newly created Montgomery Improvement Association.
He was only 26 years old, brand new to Montgomery.
He was the pastor [music] of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.
And one of the civil rights leaders, Joanne Robinson, had heard him preach [music] and told everybody he can move people with his words.
And we know what happened next.
He became a civil rights leader that really did help change the world.
On May 10th, 1994, about a billion people watched as this [music] man, Nelson Mandela, was inaugurated as South Africa's first black president after decades of pushing back against racial segregation, discrimination by the small white minority who were running the government until his actions, you see it right here, as a freedom fighter and a political prisoner of 30 years led to him being a statesman.
He only served one term as president, but his fortitude not only helped the people of South Africa, but inspired activists across the globe.
10sec trivia.
Ramen is one of Japan's most popular dishes.
Where did it originate?
China, Mongolia, Vietnam, or South Korea?
If you said China, use a superstar.
The famous Japanese noodle dish was actually introduced by Chinese immigrants in the late 19th century and gets its name from the Chinese term lameen, which means pulled noodles.
Earlier this month, we learned all about Japan's record number of centinarians, people who've turned at least 100 years old.
Apparently, some of them have zero interest in retirement, like Fuku Amagawa.
She's 103 years old, still working 5 days a week making ramen at the restaurant her family opened about 60 years ago.
Our Haneko Montgomery stopped by for a bowl and maybe a few secrets about longevity.
>> Amagawa is 103 years and 7 months old and she still works 5 days a week.
Her specialty is making ramen at a shop she and her family opened six decades ago.
>> Oh, looks so delicious.
>> Amagawa is just one of over a 100,000 centinarians in Japan, a new national record.
Experts say the country's healthy diet, low obesity rates, and universal health care are some reasons why people here live so long.
But Japan's overall population is shrinking.
The birth rate is at a record low, leaving few workers to support a growing elderly population.
But Amagawa isn't ready to retire just yet.
Most Japanese aged 100 or over are women like her.
And while scientists don't exactly know why, Amagawa has her own theory.
[laughter] She tells me she has a few tips for living long.
Eating a lot and most importantly to find a reason to get up every morning.
>> This next story is for all the unks out there who might think to themselves, >> I like turtles.
>> For the first time in recorded history, a wild sea turtle has naturally nested on the west coast of the US.
Lifeguards discovered that a rare olive ridley turtle had laid eggs near Seal Beach in California.
3 days later, another turtle appeared several miles away near Huntington Beach and laid another nest.
Scientists have confirmed these were two different turtles.
Crews from Noah and California Fish and Wildlife raced in, fenced off both sites, keeping eggs in, people and predators out.
The incubation period typically lasts one and a half to two months.
So why is this so extraordinary?
Olive ridley's normally nest much farther south, mostly along beaches in Mexico and Central America.
Experts say this year's rare super El Nino may be making water too warm in their usual nesting sites, hence the trek up north.
Next is a gargantuan discovery by a high school science teacher from Colorado stumbling onto paleontology history in North Dakota.
Kent Hups was on an unrelated research expedition when he stumbled upon what looked like three giant toes.
Turns out he'd found a 23 foot long trail of four fossilized footprints likely left by a Tyrannosaurus Rex.
Each footprint roughly 3 feet long.
Scientists date them to about 66 12 million years ago.
It's the first known sequence of tracks likely attributable to a fullgrown T-Rex.
The famed Hell Creek Formation is abundant in late Cretaceous dinosaur bones, but finding footprints, different story.
The area's sediments typically eroded before the tracks could be preserved.
Scientists are getting a rare clue about how the predator actually walked.
This one estimated to be strolling, not sprinting, at about 4 mph.
Proof that even 66 million years later, we're still following some pretty big footsteps.
Today's story getting a 10 out of 10.
A sweet full circle moment for a young philanthropist.
9-year-old Jace Smith in Georgia spent months in the niku when he was born.
And now he's using his own business to help families going through the same thing.
Jace was born at just 24 weeks.
And his mom says she remembers the help that she received from others during that time.
The gas, the food, basic necessities, allowing her to focus on what mattered most, young baby Jace.
Now Jace is thriving.
He runs his own lemonade business and he used part of the profits to help neonatal intensive care units, donating a mobile library cart filled with books that parents can read to their babies in intensive care.
Doc say reading can help with early brain development, even in babies.
And Jace, he rates his lemonade recipe a four out of five.
Love that.
9 years old, philanthropist, entrepreneur still leaving room to improve.
All right, sunshine.
I got time for two shoutouts today.
Miss Rubenstein and Miss Green at PS10 in Brooklyn, New York.
I see you, Olivia.
Brooklyn, keep bringing that big apple energy.
And look at this.
Mr.
Lectenberg and all of our friends at Stillwell Junior High in West De Mo, Iowa, I must say, I absolutely adore this photo.
Thank you for making us a part of your day.
And Mr.
Lectenberg, nice haircut, bro.
[snorts] Let's make the rest of our Monday a fun day.
See you tomorrow, team.
I'm Koi Wire and we are CNN 10.
Elections that changed a nation, dinosaur footprints from 66 million years ago, and a 9-year-old whose earliest struggle became his reason to help somebody else.
10 minutes, big world, let's rise up.
Every two years around this time, political leaders in the US tell us that this is the most important election of our lifetime.
Is that sometimes hyperbole?
Sure.
But every once in a while, an election really does become monumental, literally.
Our Dana Bash takes us on a little field trip around the nation's capital to help us learn how five pivotal elections help shape the country generations later.
One of the great [music] things about being here in Washington DC is that we have statues and monuments that memorialize the elections that changed the world.
So, let's go check some out.
We all know Thomas Jefferson [music] as a founding father, as one of the main authors for the Declaration of Independence, but he also was a [music] candidate in two of the most arguably important elections in the United States of America.
They were the first contested elections.
The two candidates were Thomas Jefferson and John Adams.
In 1796, John Adams won.
In [music] 1800, Thomas Jefferson won sort of.
There was a quirk in this brand new constitution that [music] these men had written.
And Thomas Jefferson in the electoral college tied with his own running mate, Aaron Burr.
[music] So, the Constitution said the House of Representatives had to decide who was going to be president of the United States.
It was the first constitutional crisis.
It took a while, but Thomas Jefferson finally won.
I mean, how's this for consequential?
Abraham Lincoln is elected president, and it's the final match that ignites the Civil War.
He didn't do that well.
He only got 39% of the vote, and that's because no southern states supported him.
One month later, South Carolina seceded from the Union, and the Civil War effectively began.
Two years in, he signed the Emancipation Proclamation and finally freed the slaves in the United States of America.
And when he gave the Gettysburg address, he made it really clear that nothing short of democracy was at stake.
The not one, not two, not three, [music] but four elections of FDR were incredibly consequential.
He was elected first during the Great Depression, 1932.
Because of the Great Depression, huge Democratic majorities were swept in along with him and he started to [music] enact what he promised, legislation that added up to the New Deal.
Then he was elected to a second term in 1936 and he kept going.
Roosevelt decided to run again in 1940 and he won in a landslide.
It was an unprecedented third term and it meant that in 1941 when Pearl Harbor happened, he was in the White House and he [music] started to use his decade of experience, the relationship that he had with Winston Churchill and with Joseph Stalin to form the allied leadership to fight Adolf Hitler and the Nazis.
It's 1944.
The war is still raging.
Roosevelt, of course, runs for a fourth term [music] and he wins.
And one of the other major consequences from FDR's unprecedented time in the White House is the 22nd Amendment, which passed afterwards.
It says that a president cannot serve for more than two terms.
Consequential elections, they [music] don't have to be for president or really any government office.
It can just be in a small group in a church basement raising their hands and voting.
That was what happened in December of 1955 when Martin Luther King Jr.
was elected during the bus boycott to lead the newly created Montgomery Improvement Association.
He was only 26 years old, brand new to Montgomery.
He was the pastor [music] of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church.
And one of the civil rights leaders, Joanne Robinson, had heard him preach [music] and told everybody he can move people with his words.
And we know what happened next.
He became a civil rights leader that really did help change the world.
On May 10th, 1994, about a billion people watched as this [music] man, Nelson Mandela, was inaugurated as South Africa's first black president after decades of pushing back against racial segregation, discrimination by the small white minority who were running the government until his actions, you see it right here, as a freedom fighter and a political prisoner of 30 years led to him being a statesman.
He only served one term as president, but his fortitude not only helped the people of South Africa, but inspired activists across the globe.
10sec trivia.
Ramen is one of Japan's most popular dishes.
Where did it originate?
China, Mongolia, Vietnam, or South Korea?
If you said China, use a superstar.
The famous Japanese noodle dish was actually introduced by Chinese immigrants in the late 19th century and gets its name from the Chinese term lameen, which means pulled noodles.
Earlier this month, we learned all about Japan's record number of centinarians, people who've turned at least 100 years old.
Apparently, some of them have zero interest in retirement, like Fuku Amagawa.
She's 103 years old, still working 5 days a week making ramen at the restaurant her family opened about 60 years ago.
Our Haneko Montgomery stopped by for a bowl and maybe a few secrets about longevity.
>> Amagawa is 103 years and 7 months old and she still works 5 days a week.
Her specialty is making ramen at a shop she and her family opened six decades ago.
>> Oh, looks so delicious.
>> Amagawa is just one of over a 100,000 centinarians in Japan, a new national record.
Experts say the country's healthy diet, low obesity rates, and universal health care are some reasons why people here live so long.
But Japan's overall population is shrinking.
The birth rate is at a record low, leaving few workers to support a growing elderly population.
But Amagawa isn't ready to retire just yet.
Most Japanese aged 100 or over are women like her.
And while scientists don't exactly know why, Amagawa has her own theory.
[laughter] She tells me she has a few tips for living long.
Eating a lot and most importantly to find a reason to get up every morning.
>> This next story is for all the unks out there who might think to themselves, >> I like turtles.
>> For the first time in recorded history, a wild sea turtle has naturally nested on the west coast of the US.
Lifeguards discovered that a rare olive ridley turtle had laid eggs near Seal Beach in California.
3 days later, another turtle appeared several miles away near Huntington Beach and laid another nest.
Scientists have confirmed these were two different turtles.
Crews from Noah and California Fish and Wildlife raced in, fenced off both sites, keeping eggs in, people and predators out.
The incubation period typically lasts one and a half to two months.
So why is this so extraordinary?
Olive ridley's normally nest much farther south, mostly along beaches in Mexico and Central America.
Experts say this year's rare super El Nino may be making water too warm in their usual nesting sites, hence the trek up north.
Next is a gargantuan discovery by a high school science teacher from Colorado stumbling onto paleontology history in North Dakota.
Kent Hups was on an unrelated research expedition when he stumbled upon what looked like three giant toes.
Turns out he'd found a 23 foot long trail of four fossilized footprints likely left by a Tyrannosaurus Rex.
Each footprint roughly 3 feet long.
Scientists date them to about 66 12 million years ago.
It's the first known sequence of tracks likely attributable to a fullgrown T-Rex.
The famed Hell Creek Formation is abundant in late Cretaceous dinosaur bones, but finding footprints, different story.
The area's sediments typically eroded before the tracks could be preserved.
Scientists are getting a rare clue about how the predator actually walked.
This one estimated to be strolling, not sprinting, at about 4 mph.
Proof that even 66 million years later, we're still following some pretty big footsteps.
Today's story getting a 10 out of 10.
A sweet full circle moment for a young philanthropist.
9-year-old Jace Smith in Georgia spent months in the niku when he was born.
And now he's using his own business to help families going through the same thing.
Jace was born at just 24 weeks.
And his mom says she remembers the help that she received from others during that time.
The gas, the food, basic necessities, allowing her to focus on what mattered most, young baby Jace.
Now Jace is thriving.
He runs his own lemonade business and he used part of the profits to help neonatal intensive care units, donating a mobile library cart filled with books that parents can read to their babies in intensive care.
Doc say reading can help with early brain development, even in babies.
And Jace, he rates his lemonade recipe a four out of five.
Love that.
9 years old, philanthropist, entrepreneur still leaving room to improve.
All right, sunshine.
I got time for two shoutouts today.
Miss Rubenstein and Miss Green at PS10 in Brooklyn, New York.
I see you, Olivia.
Brooklyn, keep bringing that big apple energy.
And look at this.
Mr.
Lectenberg and all of our friends at Stillwell Junior High in West De Mo, Iowa, I must say, I absolutely adore this photo.
Thank you for making us a part of your day.
And Mr.
Lectenberg, nice haircut, bro.
[snorts] Let's make the rest of our Monday a fun day.
See you tomorrow, team.
I'm Koi Wire and we are CNN 10.